电离层色散对DS/FH-BPSK信号解调性能影响

相位连续的DS/FH(Direct Sequence/Frequency Hopping,直接序列/跳频)扩频信号的扩频带宽比直扩信号更宽,在电离层的非线性相位以及跳频频点变化这两者的共同作用下,该信号的BPSK(Binary Phase Shift Keying,二相相移键控)解调性能明显恶化。依据随机变量概率分布的数学规律,推导得到了在背景电离层色散条件和跳频频点均匀分布前提下,某种DS/FH卫星测控信号的引导信号和长周期信号BPSK误码率的变化规律,并在特定信号参数条件下进行了误码率仿真。     

GNSS Satellite Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (SAIM) using inter-satellite measurements

Integrity is the ability of Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) to detect faults in measurements and provide timely warnings to users and operators when the navigation system cannot meet the defined performance standards, which is of great importance for safety of life critical applications. Compared with both Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (RAIM) and ground based GNSS Integrity Channel (GIC) methods which are widely adopted nowadays, the Satellite Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (SAIM) method can be used to monitor orbit/ephemeris and clock errors, and has advantages in monitoring orbit and clock quality and providing instantaneous responses when faults happen.     

Ionosphere monitoring and inter-frequency bias determination using Galileo: First results and future prospects

We present first results of using the European Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) Galileo for determining the Total Electron Content (TEC). Furthermore, we describe a calibration technique which can be used to determine GNSS inter-frequency and inter-system biases along with calibrated TEC.     

“动中通”天线罩介电性能分析与比较

本文就移动卫星通信系统(简称动中通)中几种天线罩的结构形式、夹芯材料介电性能分别进行了分析与比较.分析和对比是采用理论分析、实物对比以及现场测试相结合的方式进行,测试的方法是利用同一套移动卫星天线系统,在同一环境条件下进行测试.结果表明:球形顶结构的芳纶纸蜂窝夹芯材料天线罩介电性能最为优良.     

A feasibility study for the detection of the diurnal variation of tropospheric NO2 over Tokyo from a geostationary orbit

We have conducted a feasibility study for the geostationary monitoring of the diurnal variation of tropospheric NO₂ over Tokyo. Using NO₂ fields from a chemical transport model, synthetic spectra were created by a radiative transfer model, SCIATRAN, for summer and winter cases. We then performed a Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (DOAS) analysis to retrieve NO₂ slant column densities (SCDs), and after converting SCDs into vertical column densities (VCDs), we estimated the precision of the retrieved VCDs. The simulation showed that signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) ? 500 is needed to detect the diurnal variation and that SNR ? 1000 is needed to observe the local minimum occurring in the early afternoon (LT13–14) in summer. In winter, the detection of the diurnal variation during LT08–15 needs SNR ? 500, and SNR ? 1000 is needed if early morning (LT07) and early evening (LT16) are included. The currently discussed sensor specification for the Japanese geostationary satellite project, GMAP-Asia, which has a horizontal resolution of 10 km and a temporal resolution of 1hr, has demonstrated the performance of a precision of several percent, which is approximately corresponding to SNR = 1000–2000 during daytime and SNR ? 500 in the morning and evening. We also discuss possible biases caused by the temperature dependence of the absorption cross section utilized in the DOAS retrieval, and the effect of uncertainties of surface albedo and clouds on the estimation of precisions.     

DEMETER卫星探测到的强震前O^＋浓度变化

利用DEMETER卫星观测数据,采用level-2图像目视解译的方法和重访轨道对比方法,对2006年5月3日发生在汤加群岛的7．9级地震进行分析．从震前6天、震前2天、震前1天和震后2天的level-2图像可看到,电场和等离子体参量在震中上空偏北的位置出现扰动信号,震前的扰动信号幅度随地震时间临近有所增强,扰动持续时间也相应增加;震后2天扰动信号依然存在,其幅度并未减弱．通过对比震前1天的轨道在2006年至2008年内的重访轨道,发现O^＋浓度存在三类较规律的变化特征,即在夏季时,北半球的值高于南半球;冬季时则相反;二分季节时,南北半球含量相当．本文给出了地震和磁暴对O^＋浓度的不同影响,地震影响最靠近震中位置轨道上的O^＋浓度,而磁暴影响全球轨道上O^＋浓度分布．同时获取了DEMETER卫星上朗缪尔探针在上述重访轨道同步探测的电子浓度数据,发现电子浓度与O^＋浓度存在同步增加．等离子体浓度增加的现象可能与地震产生异常电场进而影响电离层结构有关．     

先进电子信息系统在通信卫星平台中的应用

以A2100平台、EuroStar3000平台和Space-Bus4000平台的星载电子信息系统为例,介绍了国外先进的商用通信卫星平台星载电子系统的特点,从集成度、扩展能力、处理能力等方面分析并对比了中国通信卫星平台与国外的差距,从优化卫星平台电子系统结构、加强公用平台开发等方面,提出了建议.     

基于G2的卫星控制系统故障诊断的半物理仿真

研究一种基于G2的集故障注入、故障模拟和故障诊断为一体的半物理仿真系统,包括基于VxW orks的实时硬件模拟系统、星载姿轨控计算机、数管及遥控遥测模拟器和专用接口箱等.开发了基于G2的以某一类典型卫星控制系统为对象的故障诊断专家系统,并对G2外部接口进行了扩展设计.最后,以典型故障为例,在半物理仿真平台上进行了演示验证.     

GNSS接收机数字载波跟踪环建模与噪声性能分析

针对GNSS接收机高灵敏度跟踪问题,研究数字载波跟踪环热噪声相位颤动与相干积累时间长度的关系.在分析I·Q鉴相器的Costas载波环信号处理流程的基础上,建立了新的环路线性化模型.基于该模型,推导了由最佳模拟环路滤波器双线性变换离散化得到的数字载波跟踪环的噪声性能.数值分析表明:采用I·Q鉴相器的二阶、三阶数字载波环热噪声相位颤动,随相干积累时间的增大先减小后增大,存在热噪声相位颤动最小意义上的最佳相干积累时间.仿真结果验证了理论分析结论,同时表明新建模型对数字载波跟踪环的描述比传统模型更准确.文中给出的各载噪比和环路带宽组合条件下的最佳相干积累时间,可用于指导高灵敏度接收机载波跟踪环设计.     

一种自旋稳定卫星姿态传感器数据异常的诊断方法

针对自旋稳定卫星遥测数据异常时,故障类型和故障源难于辨识的问题,提出一种数据驱动的故障诊断新思路.该方法提出将卫星姿态与传感器之间固有冗余关系是否保持作为判断故障类型的依据,并利用主成分分析把这种关系通过测量空间的特征值进行量化,监测特征值之间相应比例的变化实施判定;借助正交子空间的结构分析,选择SPE统计量进行故障检测和故障源的定位.在遥测数据的基础上模拟风云某型气象卫星的不同故障模式,并应用本文方法进行分析,结果表明,该方法克服了传统贡献图方法无法判别故障类型的缺点,可以实现对故障的正确诊断.